Project Status



Project Type:  Protected Spring

Regional Program: Western Kenya WaSH Program

Impact: 108 Served

Project Phase:  In Service - Oct 2017

Functionality Status:  Functional

Last Checkup: 09/07/2024

Project Features


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Community Profile

This project is a part of our shared program with Western Water and Sanitation Forum (WEWASAFO). Our team is pleased to directly share the below report (edited for clarity, as needed).

Welcome to the Community

It’s in the wee hours of the morning that the community members within Bushevo Village wake up. They are seen walking to the spring to fetch water as early as 6 am.

In this community, most people are small-scale farmers who plant maize and beans for domestic use and sell whatever excess they harvest. Young adults between 25-30 years are most often motorbike riders who taxi others for a small fee. They are referred to as "piki piki" in this community.

Water Situation

Women with 20-liter jerrycans stream to David Enani Spring, and children are not left out - they are seen carrying smaller containers too. The women report that they make up to 10-14 trips per day. They use this water for cooking, laundering, watering animals and drinking.

The spring appears as a large puddle. Women and children either hold their jerrycan under the water until full or bring a smaller cup to bail water. Many locals were seen stepping into the water as they fetched, and animals are free to come and go as they are thirsty. There are also nearby farms that use chemicals that are washed into the water when it rains. Not only that, but many children seek the privacy of crops to relieve themselves - so most likely human waste is washed into the water source as well.

After delivered home, water is poured into open barrels for storage. The longer this water sits uncovered, the dirtier it becomes.

This community suffers from constant cases of waterborne disease. Small children and the elderly are those most affected by typhoid and its stomachache and diarrheal symptoms.

Sanitation Situation

Less than half of households have pit latrines. Most of those are made of mud, which often washes away with heavy rains. Because of these conditions, open defecation is a huge issue in this area - people are preferring the privacy of trees and bushes to proper facilities. This waste is then spread by animals, flies, and rainwater.

There are no hand-washing stations here, so essentially no safeguards against the spread of disease. Many families are even drying their eating utensils on the ground.

Mrs. Jampeher Musundi told us a bit about sickness in her own home, saying "If a month passes without the children getting sick, that is really a miracle as each and every day my three-year-old baby suffers diarrhea. And on many occasion, she was diagnosed of bacteriological infections. This has really affected her health and she really needs special attention and diet to recover."

Plans: Hygiene and Sanitation Training

Community members will attend hygiene and sanitation training for at least two days. This training will ensure participants are no longer ignorant about healthy practices and their importance. The facilitator plans to use PHAST (Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation), CLTS (Community-Led Total Sanitation), ABCD (Asset-Based Community Development), group discussions, handouts, and demonstrations at the spring.

Training will also result in the formation of a committee that will oversee operations and maintenance at the spring. They will enforce proper behavior around the spring and delegate tasks that will help preserve the site, such as building a fence and digging proper drainage.

Plans: Sanitation Platforms

On the final day of training, participants will select five families that should benefit from new latrines.

Training will also inform the community and selected families on what they need to contribute to make this project a success. They must mobilize locally available materials, such as bricks, clean sand, hardcore, and ballast. The five families must prepare by sinking a pit for the sanitation platforms to be placed over. All community members must work together to make sure that accommodations and food are always provided for the work teams.

Plans: Spring Protection

Fetching water is predominantly a female role, done by both women and young girls. Protecting the spring and offering training and support will therefore help empower the female members of the community by giving them more time and efforts to engage and invest in income-generating activities.

In addition, protecting the spring will ensure that the water is safe, adequate and secure. Construction will keep surface runoff and other contaminants out of the water.

Protecting this spring will result in increased water quality and water flow. Those living in Bushevo will thus be able to live happier, healthier lives as they efficiently fill their containers with clean water from David Enani Spring.

Project Updates


October, 2018: A Year Later: Bushevo Community

A year ago, generous donors helped protect David Enani Spring for Bushevo Community in Kenya. The contributions of incredible monthly donors and others giving directly to The Water Promise allow teams to visit project sites throughout the year, strengthening relationships with communities and evaluating the water project over time. These consistent visits allow us to learn vital lessons and hear amazing stories. Read more...




October, 2017: Bushevo Community Project Complete

David Enani Spring in Bushevo Community, Kenya is now a protected, clean source of water thanks to your donation. The spring is protected from contamination, five sanitation platforms have been provided for the community, and training has been given in sanitation and hygiene. Imagine the changes that all of these resources are going to bring for these residents! You made it happen!  Now, want to do a bit more? Join our team of monthly donors and help us maintain this spring protection and many other projects.

We just updated the project page with the latest pictures, so make sure to check them out! And please enjoy the rest of the report from our partner in Kenya:

Project Result: New Knowledge

We started planning hygiene and sanitation training with the community as soon as the project was approved. Community members elected their neighbors with strong leadership abilities to form a water user committee to be in charge of water, sanitation and hygiene in Bushevo. Since there would be a strong focus on water hygiene and spring management and maintenance, committee members opted to be trained right at the spring site. These new committee members also encouraged the rest of the community to attend training, too!

As we approached the spring site on the first day of training, we were surprised to find a small group already waiting there - considering that it was a cold and rainy day! Participants were almost giddy when it came to learning about ways to improve their everyday lives; they'd break out in laughter, song, and dance throughout each session. Since spring protection was already complete by the time we met for training, people couldn't hide their excitement for having clean water so close to home.

3 kenya4844 training

Training participants were given notebooks and pencils to record all of the new things they learned.

Training topics included but were not limited to leadership and governance; operation and maintenance of the spring; healthcare; family planning; immunizations; the spread of disease and prevention. We also covered water treatment methods, environmental hygiene, and hygiene promotion. The community should refrain from washing clothes, watering animals, farming with fertilizers, and open defecation in the vicinity.

1 kenya4844 training

Group discussions were very effective in helping participants take responsibility for what they were learning. And since we were at the spring, we could easily show the group how to manage and maintain their new clean water point. We demonstrated the ten steps to properly washing hands and allowed everyone a chance to practice.

The most important topic for this community was open defecation. We found it to be a big issue here, and we wanted to let participants know how greatly it's endangering their community. Even if we're able to give people clean water at the spring, dirty containers, dirty hands, and dirty environments can make water unsafe by the time someone drinks it. Everyone needs to have and use even a simple pit latrine, and they need to have a place to wash their hands after. Thus, we taught participants how to build a latrine and hand-washing station with all local and affordable materials.

Immediately after the training, we witnessed the ladies teaching the others who hadn't attended. Some women were using open containers to fetch water from the spring, but the more informed women told them about how the clean water in an open container probably won't be clean by the time it gets home!

Mrs. Janepher Musundi is a 45-year-old mother who attended training and admits she learned a lot. "For most of us, accessing safe and clean water was a dream. Sanitation and hygiene, on the other hand, was ignored partly due to ignorance. Now I have learnt that even a child's feces are harmful and should be disposed of in the latrine. Who would have imagined that, as we daily leave babies' feces all over around the homestead, unaware of the contamination routes. This training has opened my eyes and I want to be a champion of hygiene," she shared.

Project Result: Sanitation Platforms

All five sanitation platforms have been installed and are ready for use. These five families are happy about this milestone and are optimistic that there will be much less open defecation. People without proper latrines would often use the privacy of bushes, but now have a private place of their own. It is expected that proper use of latrine facilities provided by the sanitation platforms will go a long way in reducing environmental pollution here. We are continuing to encourage families to finish building walls and roofs over their new latrine floors.

Mr. Benny Akinda couldn't hide his joy when he found out his family would receive a latrine. In Bushevo Community, it is an abomination for a wife to share a latrine with her father-in-law; but that's just what Benny's wife had to do. She felt such extreme disapproval that she would never even venture near the latrine in the daylight - she would have to sneak to use it in the middle of the night. If she really had to use the bathroom in the middle of the day, she had no other choice but open defecation. Now, Benny's family no longer has to share with their in-laws - they have their own latrine to use!

8 kenya4844 finished sanitation platform

Project Result: Spring Protection

Community members provided all locally available construction materials, e.g bricks, wheelbarrows of clean sand, wheelbarrows of ballast, fencing poles and hard core (crushed rock and gravel). They rushed to do this as soon as they learned their spring was approved for construction. Men braved the cold water at a local river and stepped right in to harvest sand from the riverbed. The women carried this sand to our artisan at the construction site. Accommodation and food for the artisan were provided and a few people volunteered their services as laborers.

The spring area was excavated to create space for setting the foundation of polythene, wire mesh and concrete. After the base had been set, both wing walls and the head wall were set in place using brickwork. The discharge pipe was fixed low in place through the head wall to direct the water from the reservoir to the drawing area.

5 kenya4844 spring foundation construction

As the wing walls and head wall were curing, the stairs were set and the tiles were fixed directly below the discharge pipe. This reduces the erosive force of the falling water and beautifies the spring. The process of plastering the head wall and wing walls on both sides reinforces the brickwork and prevents water from the reservoir from seeping through the walls and allows pressure to build in the collection box to push water up through the discharge pipe.  Lastly, the base of the spring was plastered and the collection box was cleaned. The source area was filled up with clean hardcore and covered with a polythene membrane to eliminate any potential sources of contamination. Finally, grass was planted and cutoff drains dug to direct surface water away from the spring box.

7 kenya4844 spring construction

This process has transformed David Enani Spring into a clean water source.

The only challenge along the way was that our professional artisan had to return home to care for a sick child. After a week, his child got better and he could return to complete the job.

13 kenya4844 clean water

It was incredible to see how this water affected the mood in this community. Our artisan had to divert the water while he worked on the spring box, packing it with sand, gravel, and stones. Anxiety covered peoples' faces as they looked on and no longer saw water flowing. But within 30 minutes, clean water began gushing out the discharge pipe and relief and excitement flooded in. Women sang the song "Vindu Vichechanga," which has a message of hope that things really can change for the better.

"Who could have imagined that one day our water spring would be protected," said Mama Janepher. "We are so happy that we shall draw water from a protected spring like others, and we are so proud and will ensure that no one interferes with it."




September, 2017: Bushevo Community Project Underway

Bushevo Community will soon have a clean, safe source of water thanks to your donation. Community members have been drinking contaminated water from David Enani Spring, and often suffer from waterborne diseases. Our partner conducted a survey of the area and deemed it necessary to protect the spring, build new sanitation platforms (safe, easy-to-clean concrete floors for latrines), and conduct sanitation and hygiene training. Thanks to your generosity, waterborne disease will no longer be a challenge for the families drinking the spring’s water. We look forward to sharing more details with you as they come! But for now, please take some time to check out the report containing community information, pictures, and maps.




Project Photos


Project Type

Springs are water sources that come from deep underground, where the water is filtered through natural layers until it is clean enough to drink. Once the water pushes through the surface of the Earth, however, outside elements like waste and runoff can contaminate the water quickly. We protect spring sources from contamination with a simple waterproof cement structure surrounding layers of clay, stone, and soil. This construction channels the spring’s water through a discharge pipe, making water collection easier, faster, and cleaner. Each spring protection also includes a chlorine dispenser at the waterpoint so community members can be assured that the water they are drinking is entirely safe. Learn more here!


A Year Later: Bushevo Community

October, 2018

The big hole at David Enani Spring used to scare James Enani, but he no longer worries after the spring’s protection last year. Now, he fetches water at any time of day without fear of falling.

Keeping The Water Promise

There's an incredible community of monthly donors who have come alongside you in supporting clean water in Bushevo Community, David Enani Spring.

This giving community supports ongoing sustainability programs that help Bushevo Community, David Enani Spring maintain access to safe, reliable water. Together, they keep The Water Promise.

We’re confident you'll love joining this world-changing group committed to sustainability!

A year ago, generous donors helped protect David Enani Spring for Bushevo Community in Kenya. The contributions of incredible monthly donors and others giving directly to The Water Promise allow teams to visit project sites throughout the year, strengthening relationships with communities and evaluating the water project over time. These consistent visits allow us to learn vital lessons and hear amazing stories – and we’re excited to share this one from Karen Maruti with you.


"I can testify that after protection of our spring we have experienced a lot of improvements," Moses Enani said.

It is immediately apparent that he is right when entering Bushevo Community. People use the spring to meet their water needs. They are putting into practice the lessons they learned during the hygiene and sanitation training that coincided with the protection of the spring. We observed an increased use of dish racks, clotheslines, and improved handwashing stations.

Moses Enani and his family at the spring

"My son James constantly suffered from bacteriological infections and constant diarrhea. This, I was informed at the health center, was due to drinking dirty and contaminated water. I spent a lot of money treating him but now after protection of this spring, the outbreaks have reduced significantly," Enani explained.

Protection of the spring is only one step along the journey toward sustainable access to clean water. The Water Project is committed to consistent monitoring of each water source. Our monitoring and evaluation program, made possible by donors like you, allows us to maintain our relationships with communities by visiting up to 4 times each year to ensure that the water points are safe and reliable.

This is just one of the many ways that we monitor projects and communicate with you. Additionally, you can always check the functionality status and our project map to see how all of our water points are performing, based on our consistent monitoring data.

One project is just a drop in the bucket towards ending the global water crisis, but the ripple effects of this project are truly astounding. This spring in Bushevo is changing many lives.

"In the past, I feared to come to draw water for fear of falling in the big hole at the spring. Now, I can come as many times as I want, even during the rainy season, without fear since our spring is now safe," 12-year-old James Enani said.

"Thank you so much."

James Enani

This is only possible because of the web of support and trust built between The Water Project, our local teams, the community, and you. We are excited to stay in touch with this community and support their journey with safe water.

Read more about The Water Promise and how you can help.


Navigating through intense dry spells, performing preventative maintenance, conducting quality repairs when needed and continuing to assist community leaders to manage water points are all normal parts of keeping projects sustainable. The Water Promise community supports ongoing sustainability programs that help Bushevo Community, David Enani Spring maintain access to safe, reliable water.

We’d love for you to join this world-changing group committed to sustainability.

The most impactful way to continue your support of Bushevo Community, David Enani Spring – and hundreds of other places just like this – is by joining our community of monthly givers.

Your monthly giving will help provide clean water, every month... keeping The Water Promise.