Project Status



Project Type:  Protected Spring

Regional Program: Western Kenya WaSH Program

Project Phase:  Reserved
Estimated Install Date (?):  2025

Project Features


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Community Profile

The Makuu Community has 200 people who need sufficient, safe water. Although they have worked hard to solve their water issues, the current state of their primary water source, Makuu Spring, makes this challenge insurmountable most days. Tensions among community members grow as they feel the frustration of not having the water they need.

"The discharge pipe was fitted too low, making fetching water using a 20-liter jerrican take [too] long while fetching water because the 20-liter jerrican or bucket has to be slanted. The water users have tried to resolve this issue by making sure they mostly use 10-liter containers to fetch water,  though this leads to making several trips to the waterpoint," shared Field Officer Mildred Mboha.

Ms. Waluanda.

29-year-old farmer Sarah Waluanda shared her experience of the water crisis.

"Harassment while waiting for water has unfortunately been a reality for me and my family, especially [during] dry seasons where we only receive water from one of the discharge pipes. The cause of such harassment can vary, from disputes over queue positions to confrontations stemming from frustrations over limited water availability," said Sarah.

"Experiencing harassment in these circumstances can evoke feelings of frustration, anger, and helplessness. It's distressing to be subjected to mistreatment while simply trying to access a basic necessity like water," Sarah bravely shared.

The contention isn't surprising as everyone is just trying to meet the needs of their family, and it's a stressful situation for all.

"Quarreling in water queues definitely strains relationships with both neighbors and family members. Tensions are bound to rise quickly when resources are scarce, leading to conflicts that may damage trust and goodwill among those involved. It's important to find peaceful and cooperative solutions to water scarcity issues to maintain positive relationships and foster a sense of community harmony," she shared wisely.

Community members wait for their turn to collect water while others head home.

Safety is a huge concern for Sarah. Not only are community members struggling to gather peacefully, but the water they fight so hard to collect leaves them with long-term effects.

"Safety concerns at the current water source arise due to potential contamination from sugarcane debris and other pollutants. The presence of leaves and other organic matter near the water source can lead to water quality issues, compromising its safety for consumption and other domestic uses. Therefore, ensuring the safety of the current water source is essential to avoid health risks associated with contaminated water, especially in environments where agricultural activities may introduce additional contaminants into the water supply," Sarah continued.

The Makuu Community faces incredible daily challenges to get the water they need.

"Water is my lifeline, flowing through every aspect of my existence. From quenching my thirst to nurturing the crops that sustain me, it's the silent force that underpins my daily life. Beyond mere sustenance, it's a source of comfort and cleanliness," Sarah concluded.

Protecting the spring will give spring will make collecting water easier, faster, and less contentious. The community can begin to heal the breakdowns in their unity while accessing a reliable, safe waterpoint.

Steps Toward a Solution

Our technical experts worked with the local community to identify the most effective solution to their water crisis. They decided to safeguard the existing flowing spring.

Spring Protection
Springs are natural water sources that originate from deep underground. As water travels through various layers of the earth, it undergoes a natural filtration process, making it cleaner and safer to drink. To protect these spring sources from contamination, we construct a waterproof cement structure around layers of clay, stone, and soil. This design channels the spring water through a discharge pipe, facilitating easier, faster, and cleaner water collection.

Chlorine Dispenser
As an extra measure towards water quality safety, uniquely engineered chlorine dispensers are installed at all of our spring protection projects so community members can treat their water with pre-measured doses of chlorine. The chlorine treats any residual contamination and stays active for two to three days, ensuring water stays safe to use even when stored at home. Chlorine delivery and maintenance of the dispensers are part of our ongoing community support.

Community Education & Ownership
Hygiene and sanitation training are integral to our water projects. Training is tailored to each community's specific needs and includes key topics such as proper water handling, improved hygiene practices, disease transmission prevention, and care of the new water point. Safe water and improved hygiene habits foster a healthier future for everyone in the community. Encouraged and supported by the guidance of our team, a water user committee representative of the community's diverse members assumes responsibility for maintaining the water point, often gathering fees to ensure its upkeep.

We're just getting started, check back soon!


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Project Type

Springs are water sources that come from deep underground, where the water is filtered through natural layers until it is clean enough to drink. Once the water pushes through the surface of the Earth, however, outside elements like waste and runoff can contaminate the water quickly. We protect spring sources from contamination with a simple waterproof cement structure surrounding layers of clay, stone, and soil. This construction channels the spring’s water through a discharge pipe, making water collection easier, faster, and cleaner. Each spring protection also includes a chlorine dispenser at the waterpoint so community members can be assured that the water they are drinking is entirely safe. Learn more here!


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