Project Status



Project Type:  Protected Spring

Regional Program: Western Kenya WaSH Program

Project Phase:  Reserved
Estimated Install Date (?):  2027

Project Features


Click icons to learn about each feature.



The community members who live in Mukhweso rely on Twoli Spring for their daily water needs. But the spring has been crumbling for years, leaving the 259 people who call Mukhweso home struggling to collect water safely and quickly to meet their daily needs.

Water no longer flows from the pipe but instead has burst through a crumbling wall, making it nearly impossible to fill a container. It is a tiring and tedious task that wastes people's time and energy.

63-year-old farmer Josephine Twoli needs to collect water from the spring four times a day to sustain her life, but given the spring's current condition, she cannot.

Ms. Josephine Twoli.

And frustratingly, the water she works so hard to collect is often contaminated, causing her and her family to suffer from water-related illnesses regularly. Sadly, she has come to accept this as a normal part of her daily life.

"My family and I were struck by diarrhea, which was really severe, which made us weaker, and to us it is just a regular occurrence in our households because of being unable to access clean and safe water," said Josephine.

Josephine boils water to help protect her family.

"The only treatment I can afford is by boiling because to me it's cost-friendly and it does not use a significant amount of my income," said Josephine.

Regardless of her best attempts, Josephine still drains her resources and suffers from illness, which makes it challenging for her to produce an income. It is a vicious cycle.

"I am a business person. I normally sell vegetables, but due to sickness, it has really dragged down my business because the coin I had, I end up spending on my treatment," said Josephine.

Josephine attempts to collect water.

Josephine understands the importance of clean water but also feels helpless because of the limited resources of her and her community. "The community hasn't done anything to fix the broken water point because the level of poverty in this community is very high. If putting food on the table is a tall order, what about fixing the broken water point?" she said.

"I think no one should be subjected to drinking unsafe water because I have already been a victim and I can testify to the consequences," lamented Josephine.

Community members wait for a turn to collect water.

Out of necessity, community members resort to drastic measures as they constantly search for a way to survive.

"In the past, water users have tried to dig wells, but all was in vain because during [the] dry season the hand-dug wells dry up. Also, they tend to depend a lot on rainwater, which is also not reliable during [the] dry season," explains Field Officer Mercy Odongo.

This can not continue. Community members need a reliable, safe water source they can depend on to meet their daily needs.

Steps Toward a Solution

Our technical experts worked with the local community to identify the most effective solution to their water crisis. They decided to safeguard the existing flowing spring.

Spring Protection
Springs are natural water sources that originate from deep underground. As water travels through various layers of the earth, it undergoes a natural filtration process, making it cleaner and safer to drink. To protect these spring sources from contamination, we construct a waterproof cement structure around layers of clay, stone, and soil. This design channels the spring water through a discharge pipe, facilitating easier, faster, and cleaner water collection.

Chlorine Dispenser
As an extra measure towards water quality safety, uniquely engineered chlorine dispensers are installed at all of our spring protection projects so community members can treat their water with pre-measured doses of chlorine. The chlorine treats any possible contamination and stays active for two to three days, ensuring water stays safe to use even when stored at home. Chlorine delivery and maintenance of the dispensers are part of our ongoing community support.

Community Education & Ownership
Hygiene and sanitation training are integral to our water projects. Training is tailored to each community's specific needs and includes key topics such as proper water handling, improved hygiene practices, disease transmission prevention, and care of the new water point. Safe water and improved hygiene habits foster a healthier future for everyone in the community.

Encouraged and supported by our team's guidance, the community elects a water user committee representative of its diverse members. This committee assumes responsibility for maintaining the water point, organizing community efforts, and gathering fees to ensure its upkeep.

We're just getting started, check back soon!


Loading photos...


Project Type

Springs are water sources that come from deep underground, where the water is filtered through natural layers until it is clean enough to drink. Once the water pushes through the surface of the Earth, however, outside elements like waste and runoff can contaminate the water quickly. We protect spring sources from contamination with a simple waterproof cement structure surrounding layers of clay, stone, and soil. This construction channels the spring’s water through a discharge pipe, making water collection easier, faster, and cleaner. Each spring protection also includes a chlorine dispenser at the waterpoint so community members can be assured that the water they are drinking is entirely safe. Learn more here!


Contributors